Basic References

General / Management / Modeling/Methodology / Policy, Planning, and Finance / Safety and Security / Technology

Basic References: General

Cervero, Robert. Induced Demand: An Urban and Metropolitan Perspective. Berkeley , California : University of California at Berkeley , Department of City and Regional Planning, March 2001. 40 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.uctc.net/papers/648.pdf

In this paper the author identifies and discusses the current “state-of-the-field” research, which analyzes “Induced Travel Demand” at metropolitan and sub-metropolitan levels. References.

Cervero, Robert. The Transit Metropolis: A Global Inquiry. Washington , DC : Island Press, 1998. 464 pages. ISBN: 1559635916.

This book provides an introductory outline of the author's main argument and the issues at hand. It then details twelve case studies from around the world that illustrate what the author has identified as five main types of urban transit environments.

Critical Issues in Transportation 2002. Washington , DC : Transportation Research Board, the National Academies , 2001. 12 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://gulliver.trb.org/publications/trnews/2002_critical_issues_article.pdf

This article is the newest installment of an occasional TRB publication that identifies and outlines critical transportation issues. The purpose of the articles is to call attention to the issues and promote debate on appropriate courses of action. This edition stresses issues such as terrorism and safety, accidents, conflict between growing travel demand and the environment, and removing barriers to innovation.

U.S. Department of Transportation Strategic Plan 2000-2005: A Visionary and Vigilant Department of Transportation Leading the Way to Transportation Excellence and Innovation in the 21st Century. Washington , DC : U.S. Department of Transportation, 2000. 108 pages.

Deakin, Elizabeth. Sustainable Development & Sustainable Transportation: Strategies for Economic Prosperity, Environmental Quality, and Equity. Berkeley : University of California at Berkeley , Institute of Urban and Regional Development, 2001. Working Paper 2001-03. 41 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.uctc.net/papers/519.pdf

This paper introduces the concept of “sustainable development” and specifically discusses present attitudes in the field regarding sustainable transportation and land use planning in the larger picture. The author also defines four topic areas needing further research, including; Evaluation Research on the Effectiveness of Sustainability Strategies, Consumer Responses to Sustainability Strategies, Research on Effective Planning Processes and Institutional Arrangements, and Comparative Research. References and bibliography.

Kieffer, Jarold A. The Fundamental Gap in Urban Transportation. Las Colinas , Texas , 1993. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://advancedtransit.org/doc.aspx?id=1026

This perspective paper discusses the current state of urban transportation strategies and expresses the author's opinion on the subject. The author suggests that current attitudes are outdated and that there is a strong need for new ways of thinking about urban transportation planning.

Mossman, Frank H. Principals of Urban Transportation. New York : American Public Transit Association, 1951. 245 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/12000/12700/12762/12762.pdf

This book reviews core principals of urban transportation with a special focus on transit systems. It offers a short, introductory history of urban transportation and then focuses on the economic and operational aspects of transit systems, as well as the managerial responsibilities involved in urban transit systems. Originally published in 1951, this book now provides some historical perspective on the subject of urban transit.

Owen, Wilfred. Cities and the Motor Age. New York : Viking Press, 1959. 176 pages. ISBN: 0815403658.

Referred to by many as a core or seminal text in the transportation planning field, this book provides a detailed description and analysis of what was discussed at a historic conference on urban transportation.

Rietveld, Piet & Kenneth Button. Urban Transport. Cheltenham , UK ; Northampton , MA : Edward Elgar Pub., 2003. 704 pages. ISBN: 1840645504.

This book is a collection of reprints of core papers in the field of urban transport. Topics covered are “transport demand ,” “supply of public transport services ,” “external costs of transport (environmental problems, congestion),” “urban transport policy,” and “deregulation,” among many others.

Schrank, David & Tim Lomax. Urban Mobility Report - 2003. College Station , TX : Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University System, 2003. 93 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available: http://tti.tamu.edu/product/catalog/reports/mobility_report_2003.pdf

This annual report presents mobility and traffic congestion data from 1982-2001 for 75 urban areas in the United States . This report analyzes the most commonly raised urban mobility issues and has a special focus on being relatively easy to understand by policy makers and transportation officials, as well as the general public. The report also estimates how common solutions such as additional road lanes and demand management and demand reduction programs effect overall congestion problems. References.

Basic References: Management

Balog, John N., David Chia, Anne N. Schwarz & R. Benjamin Gribbon. Accessibility Handbook for Transit Facilities. Washington , DC : U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, July 1992. FTA-MA-06-0200-92-1. 242 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/Publications/accessability/AccessibilityHandbookJuly1992.pdf

This handbook provides the transit community with clear instructions on how to comply with federal government regulations contained in the Final Rule, 49 CFR Part 37, which presents accessibility requirements for transit facilities. This handbook is designed both as a Final Rule companion and a general reference tool for transit facility accessibility. It has a special focus on being easy to understand and contains several checklists.

Completing the “Big Dig”: Managing the Final Stages of Boston's Central Artery/Tunnel Project. Washington , DC : National Research Council, Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment, 2003. 59 pages. ISBN: 0309088879 .

This report is the result of a request from the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority (MTA) for an independent analysis of current project-management and contract-administration practices. The purpose of the report is to evaluate whether the current practices will allow for a timely and cost-effective completion.

Development and Deployment of Standards for Intelligent Transportation Systems: Review of the Federal Program. Washington , DC : Transportation Research Board, the National Academies , January 2004. TRB Special Report 280. 110 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://trb.org/publications/sr/sr280.pdf

This report documents the current state of the federal program and recommends future actions for management, development, and deployment. It is the second installment of a two-phase study; Phase 1 was published in 2000 as “Standards for Intelligent Transportation Systems: Review of the Federal Program.” This second phase report includes the findings and recommendations of the phase 1 study.

Gaumer, Robert L. Best Practices Manual: FTA Drug and Alcohol Testing Program. Washington , DC : U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, March 2002. FTA-MA-90-5005-02-1. 328 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/Publications/safety/BestPractices/BestPractices.pdf

This manual, part two of a two-volume set, reviews “best practices” for maintaining a testing program that is compliant with federal funding requirements. The first part, “Implementation Guidelines for Drug and Alcohol Regulations in Mass Transit ,” specifically addresses the regulatory requirements, revised in 2001.

Management of Urban Construction Programs. Washington , DC : U.S. Department of Transportation, Urban Mass Transportation Administration, June 1981. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/mucp.html

This report provides guidelines to help local governments design efficient management plans for federally funded urban construction projects. The report may be of special interest to project managers. References.

Powers, Jerry. FTA Drug and Alcohol Program Assessment. Washington , DC : U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, 2002. FTA-MA-26-5010-02-2. 58 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/publications/substance/DAPA/DAPA.pdf

This report presents the results of an evaluation of the efficiency and effectiveness of the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Drug and Alcohol compliance program.

Sarles, Robbie L. Implementation Guidelines for Drug and Alcohol Regulations in Mass Transit. Washington , DC : U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, 2002. FTA-MA-26-5020-02-1. 660 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/Publications/substance/ImplementationGuidelines/ImplementationGuidelines_rev_11_2003.pdf

These guidelines, part one of a two-volume set, specifically address the regulatory requirements for maintaining a testing program that is compliant with federal funding requirements. Part two, “Best Practices Manual: FTA Drug and Alcohol Testing Program,” reviews “best practices” for maintaining a testing program that is compliant with federal funding requirements.

Thatcher, Russell & John K. Gaffney. ADA Paratransit Handbook: Implementing the Complementary Paratransit Service Requirements of Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. 157 pages. UMTA-MA-06-91-1.

This handbook provides transit agencies with guidance on and explanations of ADA transportation regulations.

The Workforce Challenge: Recruiting, Training, and Retaining Qualified Workers for Transportation and Transit Agencies. Washington , DC : Transportation Research Board, the National Academies , June 2003. TRB Special Report 275. 206 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://books.nap.edu/html/SR275/SR275.pdf

This report identifies human resources management as a critical issue facing the transportation community. The report also makes recommendations for strategic actions to be taken by the public and private sectors in relation to training and education.

Basic References: Modeling/Methodology

Canadian Transit Handbook. Toronto: Canadian Urban Transit Association, 1993. ISBN: 092055928X.

This purpose of this handbook is to present the current state-of-the-practice by Canada’s urban transit systems. It contains four main groups: infrastructure, planning, management, and operations. The issues of accessibility and environmental concerns are also discussed. References.

Guidebook on Statewide Travel Forecasting. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, March 1999. 138 pages. FHWA-HEP-99-007. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/hep10/state/swtravel.pdf

This guidebook discusses what it identifies as the current “state-of-the-practice of statewide travel forecasting.” It also identifies and distinguishes between travel forecasting in an urban environment and a statewide environment.

Highway Capacity Manual – HCM 2000 (U.S. Customary Units). Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 2000. ISBN: 0309067464.

This manual compiles and examines the current state-of-the-art techniques for estimating level of service and capacity for transportation facilities.

Iseki, Hiroyuki & Brian D. Taylor. The Demographics of Public Transit Subsidies: A Case Study of Los Angeles. Presented at the TRB 81st Annual Meeting, Washington, DC, 2002. 39 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.uctc.net/papers/700.pdf

This paper uses Los Angeles as a case study to analyze the distribution of transit subsidies to various socioeconomic groups. It also discusses past and present methods for measuring the equity of transit subsidies and introduces a new method. References.

Land Use Forecasting Case Studies: A Synthesis and Summary. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2000. 30 pages. FHWA-EP-01-002. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://tmip.fhwa.dot.gov/clearinghouse/docs/LUFcase_studies/LUFcase_studies.pdf

This report reviews current best practices of land use forecasting relevant to transportation planning in the United States. It reviews five specific case studies of current models used by Metropolitan Planning Associations (MPOs).

Mergel, Joseph. An Overview of Traffic Monitoring Programs in Large Urban Areas. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, July 1997. 114 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/overmon.pdf

The report analyzes existing traffic monitoring data collection programs in urban areas of over 200,000 people and gives a broad overview. Its intended purpose is to promote the development of specialized traffic databases and to help improve current monitoring programs. Bibliography.

State Practices Used to Report Local Area Travel. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2003. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/statepractices.htm

This report reviews and discusses the most innovative state practices of estimating local area vehicle-miles traveled (VMT). The information in this report was compiled from a 2002 survey of all 50 states, Washington, DC, and Puerto Rico conducted by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).

Basic References: Policy, Planning, and Finance

Altshuler, Alan A. & David E. Luberoff. Mega-Projects: The Changing Politics of Urban Public Investment. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press; Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, 2003. 368 pages. ISBN: 0815701292. Also available at: http://www.brookings.edu/press/books/megaprojects.htm

This extensive report provides an overview of the history of urban development and presents a discussion of four major political elements of public investment in “mega-projects.” The four elements discussed are “Mega-projects and urban theory,” “The new politics of highways,” “Building new airports and expanding older ones,” and “The political rebirth of rail transit.”

Applying 2000 Census Data to Urbanized and Urban Areas - March 31, 2003 Version. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2003. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/census/faqa2cdt.htm

This Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) webpage defines “Urbanized and Urban Areas,” then identifies several frequently asked questions about the subject and gives a brief discussion of each question.

Barnes, Gary & Gary Davis. Understanding Urban Travel Demand: Problems, Solutions, and the Role of Forecasting. Minneapolis: Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota, August 1999. CTS 99-02. 126 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.cts.umn.edu/trg/publications/pdfreport/TRGrpt2.pdf

This report analyzes transportation policy decisions, with specific emphasis on how traffic and land use forecasting effect those policy decisions. Bibliography.

Better Transportation for Your City: A Guide to the Factual Development of Urban Transportation Plans. Chicago, IL: National Committee on Urban Transportation, 1958. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/12000/12700/12756/12756.pdf

This handbook was originally prepared by the National Committee on Urban Transportation to increase efficiency in transportation planning through systematic collection and analysis of basic facts. Originally published in 1958, this handbook now provides some historical perspective on the subject of urban transportation planning. Index. Brookings Institution Center on Urban and Metropolitan Policy. Electronic resource accessed June 2004; available at: http://www.brookings.edu/urban This policy center website is intended to provide information on the main challenges and issues facing metropolitan areas and to promote innovation in urban planning.

Census Transportation Planning Package (CTPP). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.bts.gov/publications/census_transportation_planning_package_1990/

This planning package is published by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) for transportation decisionmakers and planners. It contains specialized data compiled from the 1990 decennial census. It is divided into a Statewide Element and an Urban Element. Each element is available as a downloadable ZIP file or can be ordered free of charge on CD at www.bts.gov.

Cervero, Robert. Transport and Land Use: Key Issues in Metropolitan Planning and Smart Growth. Berkeley: University of California at Berkeley, Department of City and Regional Planning, 2000. 17 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.uctc.net/papers/436.pdf

This paper offers a discussion of what the author identifies as 16 “key issues” involved in “Smart Growth,” which is identified as the integration of land-use, transport, and sustainable development. References.

Cervero, Robert & Samuel Seskin. An Evaluation of the Relationships between Transit and Urban Form. June 1995. 55 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www4.trb.org/trb/onlinepubs.nsf/web/crp

This report is a summary of results from “An Evaluation of the Relationships between Transit and Urban Form;” Phase 1 of TCRP Project H-1. Integrating the results of over three decades of research on the relationships between transit and urban form, this report also serves as a primer for transit planning and decisionmaking. Phase 2 of Project H-1 will implement the research plan itself. Bibliography.

Characteristics of Urban Transportation Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, September 1992. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.fta.dot.gov/transit_data_info/reports_publications/publications/1145_ENG_HTML.htm

This handbook is designed as a basic reference tool for transportation planners and policy makers. It is meant to be a centralized source for “sketch planning data” involving urban transportation systems.

Cheslow, Melvyn & Barbara Staples. Working Paper - National Costs of the Metropolitan ITS Infrastructure: Update to the FHWA 1995 report. McLean, VA: Mitretek Systems, 2001. FHWA-OP-01-147. 86 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.nawgits.com/jpo/lib/Mitretek_Costs_Working_Paper.pdf

Building on cost estimates published by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in 1995, this working paper provides new cost estimates to deploy Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) infrastructure elements in the largest metropolitan areas in the United States.

Chu, Xuehao & Steve Polzin. Timing of Major Transportation Investments. Tampa, FL: National Urban Transit Institute, Center for Urban Transportation Research University of South Florida, [2004]. NUTI96USF4. 79 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.cutr.usf.edu/research/timing.pdf

This detailed report describes the economic principles of efficient investment timing in relation to major transportation investments, specifically major public transit investments. References.

Data Partnership: Making Connections for Effective Transportation Planning. Duck Key, FL: TRB Statewide Transportation Data Committee Peer Exchange. May 2003. 52 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://gulliver.trb.org/publications/circulars/ec061.pdf

This document is the product of a peer exchange, which discussed the pros and cons of transportation data partnerships between federal, state, and local governments and shared experiences in data sharing. The document presents specific examples from various states and finally provides a summary of the most effective methods and strategies for sharing data.

Dempsey, Paul Stephen, Andrew Goetz & Carl Larson. Metropolitan Planning Organizations: An Assessment of the Transportation Planning Process – A Report to Congress. Denver, CO: Denver University, Intermodal Transportation Institute, 2000. Electronic document accessed May 2004; available at: http://www.du.edu/transportation/TransportationResearchProjects/MPOStudy.html

This report contains three parts: Part I presents the executive summary, conclusions, and recommendations; Part II presents the project details; and Part III presents the research data.

Downs, Anthony. Traffic: Why It’s Getting Worse, What Government Can Do. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, January 2004. Policy Brief Number 128. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.brookings.edu/dybdocroot/comm/policybriefs/pb128.pdf

This short paper describes the basic causes of traffic congestion and discusses policy decisions that metropolitan areas can make to try to curb the congestion.

Drancsak, Marina & Jerome T. Maddock. Advanced Public Transportation Systems 1985-1991: A Bibliography with Abstracts. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Final Report, April 1992. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.fta.dot.gov/transit_data_info/reports_publications/publications/2328_ENG_HTML.htm

This extensive annotated bibliography was compiled from a literature search of the TRIS database. Most of the citations include an abstract, and all of them indicate how to get a copy and/or electronic access to the document itself.

Federal Taskforce on the Boston Central Artery Tunnel Project: Review of Project Oversight and Costs. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), March 2000. 52 pages. Electronic document accessed May 2004; available at: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/reports/REPORT3A.pdf

This report presents the findings and recommendations of the federal taskforce. It also provides an overview of the FHWA oversight process and problems with that process that occurred during the oversight of this project.

Global Climate Change and Transportation: Coming to Terms. Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc., 2002. 161 pages. ISBN: 0971817502.

The main purpose of this report is to aid transportation officials and policy makers in understanding the main issues of global climate change in relation to transportation. It is a summary of an Eno Transportation Foundation seminar series that was funded by the U.S. Department of Transportation and the National Cooperative Highway Research Program.

Golledge, Reginald G., C. Michael Costanzo & James R. Marston. The Mass Transit Needs of a Non-driving Disabled Population. Berkeley: Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California at Berkeley, 1996. UCB-ITS-PRR-96-9. 122 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.its.berkeley.edu/publications/UCB/96/PRR/UCB-ITS-PRR-96-9.pdf

This paper provides a discussion of the issues facing blind, vision impaired, and other disabled groups when accessing public transit. It includes an exploration of activity patterns and how transit access affects employability and mobility for these groups. It also discusses results from a survey of which elements of travel these groups find useful, difficult, and frustrating. The paper also makes suggestions on how to improve transit access for these groups. References and bibliography.

Gómez-Ibáñez, José A., William B. Tye & Clifford Winston. Essays in Transportation Economics and Policy: A Handbook in Honor of John R. Meyer. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 1999. 577 pages. ISBN: 0815731825. Also available at http://www.brookings.edu/press/books/essays.htm

Goodwin, Ronald E. & Carol A. Lewis. An Assessment of Options for Integrating Taxicabs into an Urban Environment. College Station, TX: Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University System, March 2001. SWUTC/01/167902-1. 51 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://ntl.bts.gov/data/167902-1.pdf

The purpose of this study is to analyze how taxis currently operate in urban environments and to seek out new ways for taxis to be integrated into those environments. The study discusses the importance of federal government involvement as well as metropolitan planning organizations. The study uses Houston as a case study. Bibliography.

Goulias, Konstadinos G. Transportation Systems Planning: Methods and Applications. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2003. ISBN: 0849302730.

This book brings together engineering methods and applications from all corners of the transportation community and compiles them in one central text. Various transportation experts contribute writings to the book.

Grava, Sigurd. Urban Transportation Systems. McGraw-Hill Professional, 2002. 840 pages. ISBN: 0071384170.

This book provides a thorough overview of the many various options of transportation systems that are available. This book would be of special interest to engineers, administration, and decisionmakers.

Gwilliam, K.M. & R.G. Scurfield. Constructing a Competitive Environment in Urban Public Transport. Washington, DC: The World Bank, Transportation, Water, and Urban Development Department, September 1996. TWU-25. 21 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.worldbank.org/wbi/urbancitymgt/goa/assets/g-gwilliam-mod11b.pdf

This paper reviews the nature of regulatory reforms necessary to improve the performance of urban public transit and makes recommendations for appropriate actions.

Hanson, Susan. The Geography of Urban Transportation. New York: Guilford Press, 1995. 478 pages. ISBN: 1572300175. References.

This extensive text discusses the urban transportation planning process, aggregate flows, politics and transportation policy, the effects of land use on investment, environmental impacts, and many other areas of interest to the transportation community. It is edited by Susan Hanson and features several other prominent authors. References.

Hårsman, Björn, Sirje Pädam & Bo Wijkmark. Ways and Means to Increase the Acceptance of Urban Road Pricing. The European Commission, 2000. 101 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://europa.eu.int/comm/transport/extra/final_reports/road/PRIMA.pdf

This report uses eight European cities as case studies to analyze the acceptance or non-acceptance of urban road pricing schemes. The report also offers policy recommendations and guidance for implementation of urban road pricing in Europe. References.

How Should Transportation Change after September 11? A Summary Report. Minneapolis: Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota, 2003. 16 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.cts.umn.edu/events/oberstarforum/2002/2002oberstarforum.pdf

This report is a summary of the Inaugural Oberstar Forum on Transportation Policy and Technology, which took place in Minneapolis on April 28-29, 2002. The forum mainly discussed security priorities, policy directions, and potential areas for change.

Induced Travel: Frequently Asked Questions. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Electronic resource accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/itfaq.htm

This Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) webpage defines “Induced Travel,” identifies 10 frequently asked questions about the subject, and gives a brief discussion of each question, including FHWA’s official position on the subject. References.

Innovative State and Local Planning for Coordinated Transportation. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, 2002. Electronic document accessed June 2004; available at: http://www.fta.dot.gov/library/policy/islptc/index.html

The policy study examines seven specific planning strategies that can be used as part of a flexible regional planning process for coordinating transportation services of health and human service and transit agencies.

An Introduction to Urban Travel Demand Forecasting - A Self Instructional Text. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/UT.html

This text provides an introductory overview of travel demand forecasting for the technician or practitioner who is not already experienced in urban transportation planning. The modular, self-instructional format allows users to pace themselves and focus on specific areas of interest. Glossary and index.

Low, Nicholas & Brendan Gleeson. Making Urban Transport Sustainable. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire; New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2003. 299 pages. ISBN: 0333981987.

This book provides a detailed discussion of the future global impact of urban transportation. Many notable transportation experts participate in the discussion and provide possible solutions.

Luberoff, D. & A. Altshuler. A Political and Institutional Analysis of Boston’s Central Artery/Tunnel Project. Cambridge, MA: Taubman Center for State and Local Government, Kennedy School of Government, October 1996. Final Report. 239 pages.

This extensive report analyzes the coalition-building activities of local politicians who gained and maintained support for the project. The report also suggests valuable lessons to be applied to other large urban construction projects.

Making Transit Work: Insight from Western Europe, Canada, and the United States. Special Report 257. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 2001. 186 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://trb.org/publications/sr/sr257.pdf

This report is intended specifically for transportation planners and policy makers who are interested in increasing urban public transit use in the United States. This report reviews and compares the transit policies and practices of Canada and several European countries that most resemble the social and political climate of the United States.

Martin, William & Nancy McGuckin. Travel Estimation Techniques for Urban Planning. Washington, DC: National Research Council, National Academy Press, 1998. NCHRP Report 365. 170 pages.

This report presents a detailed four-step process for travel demand and estimation as well as non-specific parameters that can be applied locally. This report may be of special interest to transportation planners in small urban environments. This report is an update to NCHRP Report 187, “Quick-Response Urban Travel Estimation Techniques and Transferable Parameters,” which was published in 1978.

McDowell, BD. Improving Regional Transportation Decisions: MPOs and Certification. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1999. 35 pages. Electronic document accessed May 17, 2004; available at: http://www.brookings.org/dybdocroot/es/urban/mcdowell.pdf

This report analyzes the current state and future implications of the federal certification process that Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) must complete. The purpose of this certification process is so that MPOs can be held accountable for having to meet federal highway and transit planning requirements.

Metropolitan Transportation Planning Issues: A Primer/Anthology for Small and Medium MPOs. College Station, TX: Texas Transportation Institute, 1999.

The intended purpose of this guide is to serve as a transportation planning reference tool for Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs). It is also intended to be used as support documentation for the Travel Model Improvement Program (TMIP). It discusses what have been identified by practitioners as four core issues to the metropolitan planning process.

The Metropolitan Transportation Planning Process: Key Issues. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2001. 58 pages. Electronic document accessed May 17, 2004; available at: http://www.planning.dot.gov/documents/BriefingBook/BBook.htm#1BB

The purpose of this report is to serve as a transportation planning primer for the board members of Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs). The text provides an introduction to the key issues involved in the process. References.

Meyer, Michael D. & Eric J. Miller. Urban Transportation Planning: A Decision-Oriented Approach. New York: McGraw Hill, 2001. 656 pages. ISBN: 0072423323.

This textbook defines urban transportation planning and puts it in context by providing in-depth discussions of planning, decisionmaking, systems and demand analyses, project evaluation and implementation, and many other topics.

MPO Capacity: Improving the Capacity of Metropolitan Planning Organizations to Help Implement National Transportation Policies. Washington, DC: Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations, 1995. 60 pages. Report No: A-130.

MPOs are responsible for the transportation planning required to keep their regions eligible for federal highway, transit, and surface transportation funds. This study addresses the question of MPO capacity. It begins with the hypothesis that many, if not all, MPOs need help in fulfilling their responsibilities, and outlines their initial experiences in seeking to comply with the law. The report concludes with suggestions of how to improve the capacity of MPOs to perform their tasks.

O’Toole, Randal. Ten Transit Myths. Los Angeles, CA: Reason Public Policy Institute, Reason Foundation, 1998. Policy Study No. 245. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.rppi.org/ps245.html

This policy study argues that a series of “myths” or misinterpretations of the benefits of light rail transit systems often misleads transportation planners. The author identifies and describes these various myths in detail and presents structured arguments against them. References and bibliography.

A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets–2001. Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. 947 pages. ISBN: 1560511567.

The main purpose of this extensive manual is to serve as a comprehensive reference tool for the administration and planning of highway/street design. The guidelines are based on the current best practices and include recent research.

Private Sector Involvement in Urban Transportation–Case Studies. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, December 1986. DOT-l-87-09. 74 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://ntl.bts.gov/data/791a.pdf

This study is designed to aid regional and local transportation planning agencies in improving public/private partnerships. It analyzes new ways to involve the private sector in planning, managing, financing, and building transportation/transit systems and recommends improvements. It documents specific examples of private sector involvement in Dallas, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Cleveland. References.

Public Involvement in the Development of Long Range Transportation Plans: Benchmarking Final Report. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Electronic document accessed June 2004; available at: http://www.planning.dot.gov/Documents/Benchmark/BenchFinal/BenchFinal.htm

The study was designed to provide metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) with new tools and innovative techniques to enhance public participation and outreach during the long-range transportation plan development process. Bibliography.

Puentes, Robert. Improving Transportation Decision Making in Low Income and Minority Communities. Testimony given before Congressional Black Caucus, Hearing on Reauthorization of the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century, March 11, 2004. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.brookings.edu/dybdocroot/urban/speeches/20040311_puentes.pdf

In his testimony, the author presents a case that all populations do not benefit equally under current funding policies.

Rose, Mark H. Interstate: Express Highway Politics 1941-1989. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1990. 192 pages. ISBN: 0870496719.

This text offers a detailed history and analyses of highway development and its relation to urban environments.

Rubin, Thomas & James E. Moore II. Rubber Tire Transit: A Viable Alternative to Rail. Los Angeles, CA: Reason Public Policy Institute, Reason Foundation, Los Angeles, August 1997. Policy Study No. 230. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.rppi.org/transportation/ps230.html

This policy study presents a detailed argument for considering the benefits of “Rubber Tire Transit” over those of traditional rail-based transit systems in urban environments. The study does not claim superiority of rubber tire transit in all situations but argues that the option must at least be considered during urban planning. The study provides examples of effective rubber tire transit systems from California, Texas, Ottowa, and Brazil.

Small, Kenneth & Erik Verhoef. The Economics of Urban Transportation. Routledge, 2004. ISBN: 0415285151.

Solof, M. History of Metropolitan Planning Organizations. Newark: NJ Transportation Planning Authority, 1998. 34 pages. Bibliography.

This text presents a detailed history of the performance, function, and controversy of Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs).

Surface Infrastructure: Costs, Financing, and Schedules for Large-Dollar Transportation Projects. Washington, DC: General Accounting Office, 1998. GAO/RCED-98-64. 87 pages. Electronic document accessed May 2004; available at: http://ntl.bts.gov/data/GAO/rc98064.pdf

This report presents the findings and recommendations of the General Accounting Office after a review of eight major transportation projects across the country. This report analyzes the cost, financing, and scheduling of these projects.

U.S. Department of Transportation’s Research and Development Plan, 4th Edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), Research and Special Programs Administration, 2003. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.rspa.dot.gov/research_plan.html

This document presents the DOT’s plan and overall strategy for research and development. It details priorities, goals, and outcomes for the plan with a focus on ways to improve innovation and safety.

Wachs, Martin. Linkages between Transportation Planning and the Environment. Berkeley: Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California at Berkeley, 1999. UCB-ITS-RR-99-4. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.its.berkeley.edu/publications/UCB/99/RR/UCB-ITS-RR-99-4.pdf

his paper gives an introductory history of transportation planning in relation to the environment and then analyzes trends and themes. The paper is divided into several topic areas and offers conclusions and recommendations for change at the end of each topic area. References.

Weiner, Edward. Urban Transportation Planning in the United States: An Historical Overview - Fifth Edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1997. DOT-T-97-24. 214 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://tmip.fhwa.dot.gov/clearinghouse/docs/utp/utp.pdf

This report provides a 60-year overview of urban transportation planning in the United States. This is the fifth edition of the report, which began publication in 1983. It discusses main events and pivotal points in the history, philosophy, legislation, regulation, and technology of urban transportation planning. References.

Wood, D.C. Learning From the Big Dig. Public Roads. Volume 65, Number 1. 2001. Pp. 30-36. Electronic resource accessed June 2004; available at: http://www.tfhrc.gov/pubrds/julaug01/bigdig.htm

This article discusses some of the areas attracting the most interest among transportation professionals eager to benefit from lessons learned in the Big Dig project.

Basic References: Safety and Security

Adduci, Robert J., Annabelle Boyd & Jim Caton. Handbook for Transit Safety and Security Certification: Final Report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Special Programs Administration, November 2002. DOT-FTA-MA-90-5006-02-01. 55 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/publications/safety/SafetyCertification/pdf/SSC.pdf

This handbook was produced by the Joint Task Force on Safety and Security Certification and serves as a guide for the transit industry to continually improve performance in safety and security. It presents a framework for the establishment of a safety and security certification program and includes sample forms and tools.

Adduci, R. J., W. T. Hathaway & L. J. Meadow. Hazard Analysis Guidelines for Transit Projects. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, January 2000. FTA-MA-26-5005-00-01. 44 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/publications/Safety/Hazard/HAGuidelines.pdf

This set of guidelines assists the transit industry and organizations with provision of safe and secure service and maintaining high standards. These guidelines review types and timing of hazard analyses and identify systems and subsystems that are critical to transit safety.

Balog, John N., Anne N. Schwarz & Bernard C. Doyle. Transit System Security Program Planning Guide. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, January 1994. FTA-MA-90-7001-94-1. 130 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/tssp.html

The purpose of this guide is to help transit agencies design and author effective security programs. Bibliography and glossary of security terms.

Balog, John, Annabelle Boyd & James E. Caton. Public Transportation System Security and Emergency Preparedness Planning Guide. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, January 2003. DOT-FTA-MA-26-5019-03-0. 194 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/publications/security/PlanningGuide.pdf

This planning guide is designed to help transit agencies plan ahead for emergencies and discusses the need to have policies and strategies in place ahead of time. It also discusses the need to make funding and training priorities.

Boyd, Annabelle & James Caton. Critical Incident Management Guidelines. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, April 1998. FTA-MA-26-7009-98-1. 142 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/training/Archived/EPSSeminarReg/CD/documents/EmerPrep/Final_Guidelines.pdf

The purpose of these guidelines is to provide a framework for transit personnel to plan for, manage, and respond to emergencies and critical security incidents.

Considering Safety in the Transportation Planning Process. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2002. 118 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://tmip.fhwa.dot.gov/clearinghouse/docs/safety/safety.pdf

This report is a review and discussion of safety integration in multi-modal transportation planning. It discusses how to build and manage a crash database and describes the differences between how DOTs and MPOs approach long-range planning. It also reviews various successful agency/organization partnerships in safety planning.

Jenkins, Brian Michael. Protecting Public Surface Transportation Against Terrorism and Serious Crime: An Executive Overview. San José, CA: San José State University, Mineta Transportation Institute, 2001. MTI Report 01-14. 39 pages. Electronic document accessed May 2004; available at: http://transweb.sjsu.edu/publications/01-14.pdf

This summary is a preview of the report “Protecting Public Surface Transportation Against Terrorism and Serious Crime” and briefly discusses the fundamental differences between security issues in aviation and surface transportation.

Jenkins, Brian Michael & Larry N. Gersten. Protecting Public Surface Transportation Against Terrorism and Serious Crime: Continuing Research on Best Security Practices. San José, CA: San José State University, Mineta Transportation Institute, 2001. FHWA/CA/OR-2001-29. 122 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/training/Archived/EPSSeminarReg/CD/documents/Terrorism/terrorism_final.pdf

This report analyzes the best security practices of various transportation facilities in Tokyo, London, San Francisco, and the Santa Clara Valley in California. Bibliography.

Jenkins, Brian Michael. Protecting Surface Transportation Systems Against Terrorism and Serious Crime – 2001 Update. San Jose University, Mineta International Institute for Surface Transportation Policy Studies, October 2001. IISTPS 01-7. Also available at: http://www.transweb.sjsu.edu/publications/terrorism/Protect.htm

This report presents a chronological list of attacks on surface transportation systems, as well as transportation security measure case studies of Paris, Atlanta, New York, and Amtrak. This report is part of an ongoing research project conducted by the Norman Y. Mineta International Institute for Surface Transportation Policy Studies (IISTPS). Bibliography.

Polzin, Steven. Security Considerations in Transportation Planning: A White Paper. Tampa: Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida. 31 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.cutr.usf.edu/pubs/Security paper 0402.doc

This paper discusses in detail ways in which terrorism-related security concerns will possibly effect current and future transportation planning. The paper is intended to encourage further discussion on the issues. References.

Powell, Kathryn C. Transit Security in the 90’s: Conference Summary. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, October 1996. FTA-MA-26-9009-97-01. 104 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/Publications/security/FTA-MA-26-9009-97-01/PDF/FTA-MA-26-9009-97-01_Transit_Security_in_the_90s.pdf

This pre-September 11th conference was intended to illuminate terrorism and security threats and provide transit security personnel with the means to deal with these threats. The conference provided a forum for discussion by transit security planners and administrators from around the world.

Top 20 Security Program Action Items for Transit Agencies. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, [2003]. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/Security/SecurityInitiatives/Top20/default.asp

This online resource identifies the 20 most important elements that should be included in the System Security Program Plans of transit agencies to prepare for emergencies and increase security.

Transit Safety & Security: Statistics & Analysis Annual Report. Available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/Publications/Default.asp

This annual report (formerly known as Safety Management Information Statistics (SAMIS)) compiles and analyzes National Transit Database (NTD) statistics of transit crimes, casualties, and accidents.

Transit Watch Toolkit. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/security/TransitWatch/Toolkit.asp

The purpose of this toolkit is to provide transit agencies with the means to easily increase safety and security by raising the awareness of both employees and the public. The toolkit provides customizable and adaptable campaign materials for free, including downloadable logos, brochures, and press release templates.

Basic References: Technology

AASHTO Roadside Design Guide. Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, 2002. ISBN: 156051132X.

This design guide is a synthesis of research reports, the “AASHTO Yellow Book” and the “AASHTO Barrier Guide,” and deals with numerous roadside safety topics. This new edition contains an added chapter on “Roadside Safety in Urban and/or Restricted Environments.” A concise overview of this publication is available online at: http://www.dot.state.oh.us/roadwayengineering/Updates/2002%20RDG%20finalMod.ppt

This paper presents a detailed history and discussion of Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) dating back to 1953. References.

Casey, Robert F., Lawrence N. Labell, Leisa Moniz, Jackson W. Royal, Michael Sheehan, Terry Sheehan, Alex Brown, Malinda Foy, Margaret Zirker, Carol L. Schweiger, Buck Marks, Bruce Kaplan, and Doug Parker. Advanced Public Transportation Systems: The State of the Art: Update 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, 2000. FTA-MA-26-7007-00-1. 218 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.itsdocs.fhwa.dot.gov/JPODOCS/REPTS_TE/13583.pdf

This report discusses the extent to which advanced technologies have been integrated into public transit service with a specific focus on the most comprehensive and innovative examples.

Daganzo, Carlos F., Jorge Laval & Juan Carlos Muñoz. Ten Strategies for Freeway Congestion Mitigation with Advanced Technologies. Berkeley: Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California at Berkeley, 2002. UCB-ITS-PRR-2002-03. 24 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.its.berkeley.edu/publications/UCB/2002/PRR/UCB-ITS-PRR-2002-03.pdf

This report identifies and describes ten potential strategies for expanding freeway capacity. These ten strategies are based around the use of emerging technologies and/or new ways of using existing technologies. References.

Goeddel, Dennis L. Benefits Assessment of Advanced Public Transportation Technologies: Update 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, 2000. FTA-MA-26-7007-00-4. 124 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.itsdocs.fhwa.dot.gov/JPODOCS/REPTS_TE/@@_01!.pdf

The purpose of this report is to provide a ranked estimate of how application of Advanced Public Transportation Technologies (APTS) will benefit the transit industry. References.

Griffith, Michael S. “Comparison of the Safety of Lighting Options on Urban Freeways.” Public Roads. Fall 1994, Vol. 58, No. 2. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.tfhrc.gov/pubrds/fall94/p94au8.htm

Homburger, Wolfgang S. Fundamentals of Traffic Engineering. [Berkeley]: Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 2001. 384 pages. References and index.

Irving, Jack, Harry Bernstein, C.L. Olson & Jon Buyan. Fundamentals of Personal Rapid Transit: Based on a Program of Research, 1968-1976 at the Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, California. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 1978. 322 pages. ISBN: 0669025208.

This book provides a detailed overview of the Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) research conducted at the Aerospace Corporation between 1968 and 1976. Though dated, it may serve as a general primer on the topic and is designed to appeal to veteran researchers as well as the general public.

Kutz, Myer. Handbook of Transportation Engineering. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2004. ISBN: 0071391223.

This handbook offers detailed guidance and insight for the modernization of transportation systems, innovative solutions to transportation problems, and applying practical tools for engineering. References and index.

Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2003. Electronic document accessed May 18, 2004; available at: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/

This manual provides a set of standards for traffic control devices in the U.S. The manual is no longer available in CD-ROM format and is only available as an electronic document on the World Wide Web.

National Transportation Technology Plan. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, May 2000. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://www.volpe.dot.gov/infosrc/strtplns/nstc/nttplan/index.html

This report is a continuation of the initial Technology Plan published in 1998. This new version includes information on new maritime safety partnerships, space transportation, next generation vehicles and transportation security. It also analyzes the connections between technology partnerships and federal programs.

Traffic Control Systems Handbook. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1996. FHWA-SA-95-032. 684 pages.

This handbook can be used as a basic reference tool by transportation practitioners and engineers. Further, the handbook does present a compendium of existing technology and can also be used as an advanced training aid. References.

Yang, David, Brian Cronin, Neil Meltzer & Margaret Zirker. 2003 Status Report on Transit Intelligent Vehicle Initiative Studies. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, June 2003. FHWA-OP-03-092. 19 pages. Electronic document accessed April 2004; available at: http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/23000/23300/23378/2003_Transit_IVI_Status_Report_Final.pdf

This report describes the transit Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI) and reviews current research in the field.